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The electronic government is defined as
the ability of various government sectors to present customary government
services and information to citizens by electronic means with high speed,
capability and less cost and effort at any time through one site on the
internet.
The goal behind the electronicgovernment is to use the huge capabilities of IT and
communications to increase the ability of the government in providing
information and services easily, and to reduce the crowds, repeated visits to
government agencies and to achieve principles of justice and transparency to
have services.
International
thought represented in governments, organizations and international groups
has turned to achieve that through what is called the electronic government,
starting by providing information and ending by the possibility of providing
the services through various electronic communication networks. Many projects have resulted from this
vision. These projects are using
automatic telephone networks and focusing on carrying out a number of service
levels starting from mere information dissemination on the service up to the
level of providing the service electronically.
To achieve a
successful application of the electronic government, legislative,
administrative technical and human factors shall be considered. In addition to that there are some
obstacles encountering the application of the electronic government most
prominent of which is the electronic literacy, the digital obstacle, the poor
of communications and information infrastructure, lack of copying with latest
developments regarding legislations and administrative regulations and the
weakness of general awareness in regards to the importance and advantages of
electronic government applications.
Regarding the above mention ed there is
a necessity for setting an objective vision and strategy of the electronic
government at the state level as well as a work plan to be prepared by a team
comprising all specialties. The
plan shall determine the priorities, provision of required financial
revenues, to obtain the support of the higher administration, provision of
communications and information infrastructure that guarantee the right for
all classes of the community to use such infrastructure. This infrastructure shall provide the
minimum service for all regions.
Service prices shall be reviewed so as to be available for all. The organizational structure of the
government bodies must be reviewed as well as revising legal legislation,
regulations and to simplify procedure and make them available to
beneficiaries in a manner compatible with the application of the electronic
government.
Phases of Transformation to the Electronic Government:
1-
Electronic Dissemination:
First Method:Include publishing on the internet through designing websites
that include information about government services according to types of
services. It also include forms
used for applying to such service, which can be printed and completed.
Second method: In
brief, publishing the same services through telephone network in audio form,
where certain telephone number shall be allocated for such purpose. This would require the construction
of audio database and making it accessible the biggest possible number of
users at the same time.
Third method: To use public sites and place terminals those are
linked to the internet or local net of the service provider.
2- Execution
of Government Transaction through Internet:
The objective of this stage is to
complete a transaction or part of it through internet. The implementation of this phase
require the provision of the appropriate legal, financial and security
environment in addition to strong and effective communication infrastructure
as well as the construction of complete information systems.
3- Integration
of Government Works to Ensure Electronic Links:
Objective of this phase is to provide
all aspects of services starting by the actual material services and ending
by channel to avail channels for such services. The other objective is to set the standard technological
base for policies and general instructions to be followed in all government
works. The aim of such act is to
support electronic government initiatives. Approval of advanced technology – such as bar coding,
smart stamping of official documents, approval of electronic bidding system
for government procurements, and completion of registration processes – work
collectively to improve efficiency and capacity of service.
To arrive to this stage, it is necessary to implement
measurement of electronic government in:
·
Approval of standard and
consolidated specifications to exchange information and data between
Ministries and government authorities.
·
Develop and enhance efficiency and
productivity in government services.
·
Create links between all services
and government procedures in the manner that ensure friendliness and
flexibility of dealings between government bodies under the electronic
government.
·
Reduce costs of service provision
and development for users and business sector.
·
Develop and simplify procedures
and work stages in order to reduce administrative burden for government
officials.
·
Coping with the technological
development in the field of electronic government and utilization of advanced
electronic systems.
·
Facilitate and increase the speed
of service provision for customers and citizens to enable them complete their
government procedures through electronic communication systems at all
times. This will save efforts to
provide such service.
·
Reduce the volume of paper works
and manual forms through electronic forms.
Proposed
Work Plan To Implement Electronic Government:
1- Administrative and Executive Development
Program:
This program includes the
development or organizational structure and work methods at organizations
that shall use electronic methods, and also plan designing for the
reengineering of intended electronic services.
2- Legislation Development Program:
This program includes legislation
that organizes electronic government transactions and upgrading of existing
legislations.
3- Human Resources Development Program:
Plan shall be designed to develop
thinking of official leaders to match with the concept of electronic
government. Also setting appropriate
training program for work teams that shall be formulated of all government
departments to contribute in electronic government project in order to
facilitate ability to manage according to specialties. In addition to introduction of
educational programs on information and communications in the different
education levels.
4- Technical Education Program:
The program intensifies the usage
of digital technology in government departments to develop capacities and
skills required to implement the project. The program also considers the upgrading of transformation
abilities which include the usage of the most advanced equipment and database
systems in addition to improvement of communication and information infrastructures.
5- Information and Education Program:
A plan shall be used in this
program to introduce the advantages of digital community transformation and
how to benefit of electronic government projects.
6- Financial Structure Development Program:
This program endeavors to develop
the financial organizations to become more flexible.
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